[DOWNLOAD] ~ Immune Response of Broiler Chickens Fed Diets Supplemented with Different Level of Chromium Methionine Under Heat Stress Conditions (Report) by Asian - Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences ~ Book PDF Kindle ePub Free

Immune Response of Broiler Chickens Fed Diets Supplemented with Different Level of Chromium Methionine Under Heat Stress Conditions (Report)

eBook details

Title: Immune Response of Broiler Chickens Fed Diets Supplemented with Different Level of Chromium Methionine Under Heat Stress Conditions (Report)
Author : Asian - Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
Release Date : January 01, 2012
Genre: Industries & Professions,Books,Business & Personal Finance,
Pages : * pages
Size : 294 KB

Description

INTRODUCTION Heat stress (HS) is of great concern in the poultry industry. Feed efficiency, growth rate, mortality, and other important traits governing productivity in the poultry industry are adversely affected by severe HS. It has been established that high environmental temperatures affect the development of a specific immune response in chickens (Thaxton et al., 1968; Thaxton and Siegel, 1972). Chromium is a component of glucose tolerance factor (GTF) and is important in carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism presumably by potentiating the action of insulin (Anderson, 1987; Mertz, 1993). Stress and disease increased urinary excretion of Cr (Pekarek et al., 1975; Borel et al., 1984; Anderson et al., 1988) and may exacerbate a marginal Cr deficiency. Chromium supplementation has shown be effective in diminishing adverse effects of stress, reducing cortisol levels and improving immunity (Chang and Mowat, 1992; Kegley and Spears, 1995). Frequently these factors become important in enhanced growth performance (Moonsie-Shageer and Mowat, 1993). Improvements in immune response have been observed when organic forms of Cr were supplemented to broilers (Luo et al., 1999), stressed feeder calves (Chang and Mowat, 1992; Moonsie-Shageer and Mowat, 1993) and dairy cows (Burton et al., 1993). No recommendations for Cr are currently listed for poultry (NRC, 1994, 1997) and most poultry diets are basically composed of plant origin ingredients, which have usually a low content of Cr (Giri et al., 1990). Chromium-L-methionine is a newly available organic chromium source whose bioavailability and effects have not been previously determined in broiler chickens. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of Cr methionine on immune responses in heat-stressed broiler chickens.